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Dureza
Dureza is a dark-skinned French wine grape variety from the Ardèche department of south central France in the Rhône-Alpes region. The grape is most widely known for being the father vine of Syrah—a discovery that confirmed that the Syrah vine was native to France and not introduced to the country from Persia, Sicily, Egypt or elsewhere, as had been speculated.〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs XXVII, 316, 528 & 1023, Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2〕〔L. Peter Christensen and Rhonda J. Smith, (Syrah ) Division of Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) Integrated Grape Production Workgroup, University of California]. Accessed: March 16th, 2013〕
Dureza was historically used for production of red wine, but is hardly grown any more and is not part of the list of the allowed grape varieties of any French ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' wine, though it can be produced under some ''vin de pays''. There were only 11 hectares planted to Dureza in the late 1970s: by 1988 only one hectare remained. However since the variety's relationship to Syrah was revealed, interest in Dureza has been increasing: Pascal Jamet has introduced plantings of the grape to the Saint-Joseph AOC in the northern Rhône Valley, for wine to be made under the appellation of Collines Rhodaniennes ''vin de pays''.〔
==History==
The Dureza vine is a member of the ''Vitis vinifera'' family of grape vines. It is believed to be native to the northern Ardèche region of south-central France. At some point the vine spread eastward towards the Drôme and Isère regions, for it was here that the variety likely came in contact with the Savoie wine grape Mondeuse Blanche where the two varieties created a natural crossing that became the international variety Syrah.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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